ETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY In 1999, a strain of equine influenza virus – H3N8, circulating in horses, underwent adaptive evolution through induced genetic mutations and subsequently infected dogs. The virus was
ETIOLOGY Canine Coronavirus (CCV) is a member of the Alphacoronavirus genus, belonging to the Coronaviridae family, which is part of the Nidovirales order (Figure 1). Different coronaviruses from this family
ETIOLOGY Canine Parvovirus (CPV) infection emerged in the late 1970s as a worldwide disease with high morbidity and mortality. CPVs are small, non-enveloped DNA viruses that require rapidly dividing cells